Pilonidal sinus symptoms can vary depending on whether it is acute or chronic, but common signs include:

1. Pain and Tenderness
2. Swelling and Redness
3. Drainage
4. Foul Odour
5. Itching

If you experience any of these symptoms, especially if they worsen or persist, it is vital to consult doctors for evaluation and pilonidal sinus treatment in Kolkata.

Pilonidal sinus can be diagnosed by a qualified proctologist. During the consultation, the pilonidal sinus doctor will ask about your medical history. The most commonly performed tests for diagnosing pilonidal sinus include:

Physical Examination

The doctor will begin with a physical examination of the affected area, looking for signs of inflammation such as redness, swelling, or tenderness. They will also evaluate signs of infection, such as pus or drainage.

Imaging Tests

The doctor may recommend imaging tests like an ultrasound or MRI to gain a clearer understanding of the condition's severity and to identify any potential complications.

Biopsy

If a pilonidal sinus is suspected, the doctor may perform a biopsy. This involves taking a small sample of tissue from the affected area, which will be sent to a lab for analysis. This procedure helps confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possible conditions.

The main objective of surgery for pilonidal sinus is to eliminate the affected tissue and prevent the development of new pilonidal sinuses. Several surgical techniques help treat this condition.

Open Surgery for Pilonidal Sinus

Two common types of open surgery include incision and drainage and pilonidal cystectomy.

• Incision and Drainage

  This common approach involves making a small cut in the affected area to drain the pus-filled abscess, relieving pain and preventing the infection from spreading. After drainage, the wound may be packed with gauze or left open to heal from the inside out. Antibiotics are often prescribed to prevent further infection.

• Open Pilonidal Cystectomy

  This pilonidal sinus operation involves making an incision over the cyst, removing it along with surrounding tissue, and draining any abscesses. Depending on the size of the cyst removed, the doctor may or may not pack the area with surgical gauze. In severe cases of infection, a drainage tube may be placed, which is only removed once all fluid has been collected from the cyst, helping to reduce the chances of recurrence.

Laser Pilonidal Sinus Treatment

Laser treatment for pilonidal sinus is a minimally invasive technique that has proven effective. This procedure utilises laser energy to destroy the sinus tracts through a few small incisions, leading to faster healing and reduced complications. Patients can resume normal activities within some days, making laser treatment a suitable option for those seeking a less invasive approach. Contact our pilonidal sinus surgeon today to know more about laser surgery.

Lancing

In the lancing procedure, the doctor makes a small incision in the affected area to drain the abscess, providing relief from pain and discomfort. This procedure can be performed in a doctor’s office or outpatient setting, followed by wound care and antibiotics. Lancing may be recommended when other treatments have not succeeded.

Post-Surgery Care

After surgery, patients must keep the area clean and dry to prevent infection and promote healing. Antibiotics for preventing infections and pain medications may be prescribed to manage discomfort. With proper care, most patients can expect a full recovery within a few weeks.

Pilonidal sinus laser surgery offers numerous advantages, including:

1. Minimally Invasive

This procedure is minimally invasive, resulting in less pain and bleeding compared to traditional surgery.

2. Outpatient Procedure

Laser surgery is performed on an outpatient basis, eliminating the need for an overnight hospital stay.

3. Fast Recovery

Patients experience a shorter recovery time with laser surgery compared to conventional surgical methods.

4. Lower Risk of Infection

The risk of infection is reduced due to fewer incisions made during the procedure.

5. Reduced Chances of Recurrence

Laser surgery lowers the likelihood of recurrence compared to traditional surgical options.

6. Minimal Scarring

Smaller incisions result in less scarring following the procedure.

7. High Success Rate

Laser surgery boasts a higher success rate in treating pilonidal sinus disease.

8. Precision

This method allows for more precise treatment of pilonidal sinus disease.

9. Cost-Effective

Laser surgery can be more cost-effective, requiring fewer hospital resources.

Preparing for pilonidal sinus surgery is a crucial step towards ensuring a successful outcome. Here are some essential guidelines to help you get ready for the procedure:

1. Get Informed

Consult with the surgeon to discuss the procedure and ask any questions you may have to fully understand what to expect.

2. Fasting

It is important to fast for at least 12 hours before the surgery.

3. Arrange Transportation

Since you will be under the influence of anaesthesia, make arrangements for someone to drive you home after the surgery.

4. Prepare for Recovery

Before the surgery, prepare your home for the recovery period. Ensure you have necessary medical supplies, such as wound dressings.

5. Avoid Smoking and Alcohol

To minimise the risk of complications, quit smoking and avoid alcohol at least 2-3 weeks prior to the surgery.

By following these recommendations, you can ensure you are well-prepared for your pilonidal sinus surgery, setting the stage for a smooth and successful recovery.

Here are some important recovery tips to follow after pilonidal sinus surgery:

1. Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions

Adhere closely to the doctor’s specific guidelines on wound care and pain management to prevent complications.

2. Keep the Wound Clean and Dry

Regularly clean the wound as instructed by the doctor to reduce the risk of infection.

3. Change Dressings Regularly

Change your wound dressings as directed by the doctor to maintain cleanliness in the area.

4. Avoid Physical Activity

Refrain from engaging in physical activities for a few weeks after surgery to give your body adequate time to heal.

5. Take Pain Medication as Prescribed

Use the prescribed pain medication to manage any discomfort.

6. Watch for Signs of Infection

Monitor for symptoms of infection, such as redness, swelling, or unusual drainage from the wound. Contact the doctor immediately if you notice any of these signs.

7. Eat a Balanced Diet

Maintain a healthy diet to support faster healing and overall wellness.

8. Get Plenty of Rest

our body requires rest to heal, so prioritise getting enough sleep and avoid overexerting yourself.

9. Attend Follow-Up Appointments

Make sure to attend all scheduled follow-up appointments to allow the doctor to monitor your recovery progress and ensure proper healing.

By following these tips, you can have a smooth and successful recovery after your surgery.

After undergoing pilonidal sinus surgery, making certain lifestyle changes is essential for a successful recovery. Here are some important changes to consider:

1. Avoid Sitting for Long Periods:

Prolonged sitting can exert pressure on the surgical site, affecting the healing process. Whenever possible, take breaks to stand and move around.

2. Maintain a Healthy Diet:

A balanced diet can promote faster healing. Ensure you consume plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

3. Avoid Strenuous Activities:

Strenuous activities can put stress on the surgical area and delay recovery. Refrain from heavy lifting, running, or jumping until the doctor advises that it is safe to resume these activities.

4. Quit Smoking

Smoking can affect the healing process and elevate the risk of complications. If you smoke, it’s important to quit.

By implementing these lifestyle changes, you can support a quicker recovery after your pilonidal sinus surgery. Always follow the doctor's recommendations, and don’t hesitate to reach out to them if you encounter any complications or have concerns.

The total cost of pilonidal sinus surgery can vary due to several factors, including hospitalisation fees, surgeon's fees, the severity of the condition, the type of procedure performed, anaesthesia costs, anesthesiologist fees, and follow-up charges, among others.

1. Less pain:

One of the most significant indicators of a healing pilonidal sinus is reduction in pain. If the pain becomes less intense or less frequent, it is a positive sign that the sinus is healing.

2. Reduced Swelling:

Decreased swelling around the sinus is another sign of healing. If the swelling subsides, it indicates that the body is effectively healing the wound.

3. Minimal Discharge:

A decrease in the amount of discharge from the sinus is also a sign of healing.

4. Formation of Granulation Tissue:

The appearance of granulation tissue is an essential sign of healing. This pinkish-red tissue forms at the base of the wound, indicating the body’s healing process.

5. Minimised Redness

If the skin surrounding the sinus becomes less red, it signifies that the wound is healing.

If you have a pilonidal sinus, maintaining a healthy diet is crucial for promoting healing and preventing complications. Here are some foods to consider incorporating into your diet:

1. High-Fiber Foods:

Include whole grains, fruits, and vegetables to prevent constipation and reduce strain on the pilonidal sinus.

2. Lean Proteins:

Foods like chicken, fish, and tofu are beneficial for healing and recovery.

3. Omega-3 Fatty Acids:

Incorporate foods rich in omega-3s, such as salmon and nuts, to help reduce inflammation and promote healing.

4. Vitamin C-Rich Foods:

Citrus fruits and leafy greens can boost your immune system and support the healing process.

5. Probiotic Foods:

Yoghurt is an excellent source of probiotic that helps maintain a healthy gut and prevent infections.

6. Garlic and Onions:

These have antimicrobial properties that can help combat infections.

7. Turmeric:

This spice has anti-inflammatory benefits and can be easily added to various dishes.

8. Iron-Rich Foods::

Foods like spinach and limited quantity of red meat can also support the healing process by providing iron.

Additionally, avoid processed and sugary foods, as they can weaken the immune system and increase inflammation. Limit alcohol consumption, which can interfere with healing. Staying hydrated is essential, so drink plenty of water to flush out toxins. Finally, steer clear of foods that you are allergic or sensitive to, as they can worsen symptoms and delay recovery.