An umbilical hernia develops when part of the intestine pushes through the muscles of the abdomen near the navel, appearing as a noticeable bulge. While it may cause mild discomfort, it is generally harmless and quite common. 

In most cases, especially in infants, the hernia resolves on its own as the abdominal muscles grow stronger. However, if the hernia doesn’t close over time or becomes painful, surgery might be recommended to correct it. If you think you or your child has an umbilical hernia, it's best to consult the umbilical hernia surgeon for an accurate diagnosis and advice on the best course of action.

The symptoms of umbilical hernia are as follows:

• Discomfort or pain in the groin while coughing or bending
• Bulge near the navel
• Abdominal Pain
• Heartburn
• Constipation, along with a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen

If you notice these symptoms, contact our umbilical hernia doctors in Kolkata for proper treatment.

Here are some of the key risk factors for developing an umbilical hernia:

1. Infants and Women:

Umbilical hernias are more common in infants due to weaker abdominal muscles. The risk of umbilical hernia in women is higher for those who have had multiple pregnancies. 

2. Obesity:

Having excess body weight puts added strain on the abdominal muscles, making hernias more likely. 

3. Chronic Constipation: 

Straining during bowel movements because of constipation can put extra pressure on the abdominal wall, increasing the risk. 

4. Extended Coughing:

A prolonged cough can add significant pressure to the abdominal muscles, contributing to the development of an umbilical hernia. 

5. Previous Abdominal Surgery:

Surgeries can sometimes weaken the abdominal wall, increasing the chances of a hernia. 

6. Genetics:

A genetic history of umbilical hernias might increase your risk of developing the condition.

Here are some common tests used to diagnose an umbilical hernia:

1. Physical Exam:

Our umbilical hernia doctor will visually inspect the abdominal area, especially around the navel, to check for a bulge or swelling. 

2. Ultrasound:

This non-invasive test utilises sound waves to create real-time images, helping to visualise the umbilical hernia, its size, and if any abdominal contents are protruding. 

3. CT Scan (Computed Tomography):

In a few cases, a CT scan might also be recommended for a more detailed, cross-sectional view of the abdominal area and the hernia. 

4. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging):

MRI may be used to gather detailed images of the umbilical hernia and surrounding tissues without exposing the patient to radiation.

The choice of diagnostic method depends on individual symptoms and the doctor’s judgement.

Many umbilical hernia surgeons consider laparoscopic surgery the most suitable method for umbilical hernia repair due to several key advantages:

• The procedure uses small incisions, which results in less postoperative pain compared to traditional open surgery.
• Recovery time is quicker, allowing patients to return to normal activities sooner.
• The use of a laparoscope provides the surgeon with magnified visuals of the hernia and surrounding tissues, enabling precise placement of the mesh. This precision helps reduce the risk of postoperative complications, including excess bleeding. 
• Laparoscopic surgery also offers better cosmetic results, as it involves minimal scarring.
• It is particularly beneficial for repairing larger hernias or multiple hernias at once, making it a more comprehensive approach in such cases.

These factors make laparoscopic surgery a highly recommended option for hernia repair.

An umbilical hernia cannot be treated without surgery. However, non-surgical measures can help prevent the hernia from growing larger or worsening. While these options may relieve symptoms, they usually do not provide a permanent solution. Here are some non-surgical strategies for managing umbilical hernias:

Medications

While medications are not a primary treatment for umbilical hernias, they can help manage related symptoms such as pain or inflammation. Over-the-counter pain relievers may be recommended, but they do not address the hernia itself.

Supportive Garments 

A compression garment can provide stability and comfort to the affected area, helping to relieve discomfort and prevent further protrusion. However, these are temporary measures and not substitutes for surgery. Always consult with an umbilical hernia surgeon before using an abdominal binder to ensure it’s appropriate for your situation.

• Quit Smoking:

  Research suggests that smokers may face a higher risk of developing umbilical hernia symptoms. Stopping smoking can lower the risk of hernias and provide numerous other health benefits. 

• Avoid Heavy Lifting:

  Steer clear of activities that involve heavy lifting or straining the abdominal area.

• Weight Management:

  Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce pressure on the abdominal muscles.

• Healthy Diet:

  Eating nutritious foods like whole grains, apples, green vegetables, and bananas can help manage weight and relieve symptoms. Avoid foods that may trigger symptoms, such as dairy, chocolate, and spicy items. 

• Good Posture:

  Practising good posture supports the abdominal muscles. 

• Abdominal Exercises:

  Gentle core-strengthening exercises may help, but it’s important to consult a doctor for guidance.

To prepare for laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair surgery, follow these important steps:

1. Medical Evaluation:

Undergo a thorough medical assessment to ensure you are fit for surgery. Discuss any pre-existing health conditions and medications with the doctor. 

2. Medication Management:

Discontinue medications as suggested by the doctor to minimise the risk of excessive bleeding. Consult our surgeon for guidance on which medications to stop and which may be safe in low doses.

3. Fasting Instructions:

Follow the fasting guidelines provided by our medical team. You will need to avoid eating or drinking for a specific period before the procedure.

4. Smoking:

If you smoke, consider quitting or reducing your intake prior to surgery to promote healing and lower the risk of complications. 

5. Follow Preoperative Instructions:

Pay attention to any specific preoperative instructions from our doctor.

6. Arrange Transportation:

Plan for someone to accompany you to the hospital on the day of surgery and assist with your postoperative care. 

7. Dress Comfortably:

Wear loose, comfortable clothing on the day of surgery.

Following the surgeon’s postoperative instructions and attending follow-up appointments is crucial for assessing your recovery. Here are some tips for a smooth recovery:

1. Rest Initially:

Take a few days to rest after surgery. Gentle, slow walking can improve circulation, but avoid rushing to prevent straining your abdomen.

2. Follow Dietary Guidelines:

Adhere to the diet recommended by our doctor. Include fibre-rich foods, fresh fruits, and vegetables to help prevent constipation and reduce abdominal pressure. 

3. Follow Surgical Instructions:

Stick to our surgeon’s specific instructions regarding wound care, medication schedules, and any activity restrictions. 

4. Manage Pain Effectively:

Take prescribed or over-the-counter pain medications as directed. If you experience unusual or severe pain, contact our doctor. 

5. Stay Hydrated:

Drink plenty of water and fluids to promote healing and recovery. 

6. Avoid Strenuous Activities:

Refrain from heavy lifting and intense physical exertion for the recommended time. Gradually reintroduce normal activities as advised by our surgeon. 

7. Coughing and Sneezing:

Use a pillow to brace your abdomen while coughing or sneezing to minimise discomfort.

8. Monitor for Infection:

Watch for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or discharge from the incision site, and report any concerns to our doctor promptly.

9. Driving Caution:

Avoid driving while taking pain medications, as they can impair your ability to react. Consult our doctor about when it’s safe to resume driving.

10. Attend Follow-Up Appointments:

Keep all scheduled follow-up appointments with our surgeon to monitor your recovery and address any issues.

Several factors influence the cost of umbilical hernia surgery, including the following:

1. Surgical Technique:

The choice between open or laparoscopic surgery affects the overall cost. 

2.Hospital Type:

The selected hospital or surgical centre plays a vital role in determining costs. Private hospitals usually charge more than public ones.

3. Surgeon’s Fees:

The experience and reputation of the surgeon performing the procedure can also influence the total cost of surgery.

4. Type of Anesthesia:

The choice between general or local anaesthesia may impact the overall cost, with general anaesthesia usually being more expensive. 

5. Post-Surgical Complications:

Patients with existing health conditions, particularly older individuals, may face complications that can increase overall treatment costs. 

6. Severity of the Hernia:

The extent and severity of the hernia itself can also affect the cost of surgery, as more complex cases may require additional resources and care.